Rock wool is the most used thermal insulation material in the cold storage of voyage ships. Its main raw material is basalt. It is a fiber made by high-speed centrifugation after being melted at a high temperature, and a binder, anti-dust oil and silicone oil are evenly added to it. Rock wool is cured and cut at high temperature to produce rock wool felts, strips, tubes, plates, etc., which are used in cold storage, lightweight walls, roofs, ceilings, floating floors, cabin units, etc. of ships. The reason why rock wool is widely used in voyage ships is not only because its best heat insulation performance, but also good sound-absorbing and fire-resistant performance, and importantly, its price is low.

Glass wool can be made into products with the smallest bulk density among inorganic thermal insulation materials. Because glass wool products are light in bulk density and can even be comparable to organic foam materials. As a fiber thermal insulation material, glass wool is generally used to separate structures such as bulkheads, doors and windows, and other places where fire prevention, heat insulation and heat preservation are required.

Ultra-fine glass wool has poor flame penetration resistance, so it is not allowed to use it for heat insulation in Class A bulkheads or decks of ships. Glass wool with a density of 16~25kg/m3 can be used as heat insulation or cold preservation material for the compartment sealed pipe refrigeration system; glass wool with a density of 40~60kg/m3 can be used as room temperature for hot water system/steam system and special cold insulation requirements Insulation material for liquid pipes; due to its low density and in order to reduce the weight of ships, glass wool products are widely used in military ships.

The domestic production of ceramic wool began in the 1970s, which is used for heat pipes with higher temperature on ships and heat insulation materials for cabins with strict requirements for fire resistance grades. At present, the fire-resistant insulation materials used on various ships at home and abroad are mainly ceramic wool.

Rigid polyurethane foam is commonly used in the construction of cold storage for long-distance ships. The construction methods are roughly divided into spraying method, perfusion method, bonding method, and composite board method for pre-cooling storage. It should be noted that, compared with other thermal insulation materials, rigid polyurethane foam has poor fire resistance and limited applications.